Amid all the busyness of Advent and Christmas ... here is (yet) another event to which you might care to raise a glass.
The Diocese of Oxford, erected de facto by Tudor Minor, was erected de iure by Reginald Cardinal Pole on December 24, 1554, by virtue of his Legatine powers, in his Legatine Constitution Cum supremum. (So, indeed, were the other Henrician de facto diocesan creations.)
Roman Catholic writers love to inform us that, apart from a Welshman called Kitchen, no 'Marian' bishop conformed to the 'Settlement' of Elizabeth Tudor the-once-Virgin Queen. Not so. Hugh Curwen, who had been consecrated Archbishop of Dublin by Edmund 'Patrimony' Bonner, Bishop of London, in 1555, was later translated to Oxford.
I often wonder how this poor old bishop-of-bray got on with the grim gang of Calvinists who were his confratres in episcopatu. Not to mention the Puritan bullies who by this time had been intruded into Oxford professorial chairs after their occupants fled to Douay.
"Serve the old b****r right", I hear you say.
You are a heartless lot.
I append two very interesting comments attached to a much older post on this subject.by Professor Tighe.
7 comments:
More than Kitchin of Llandaff. Stanley* of Sodor & Man (bishop from 1510 to 1546 and again from 1556 to his death in 1569) conformed, and so did a number of the suffragan bishops consecrated in the 1530s: John Hodgkins, Bishop of Bedford (d. ca. 1560), John Salisbury, Bishop of Thetford and Dean of Norwich (d. 1573) who succeeded Stanley in Sodor & Man, and probably one or two more who survived until after 1559, but who lived lives of such obscurity that no trace of their activities has survived. Beyond that, between 5 to 7 Irish bishops (including Curwen, an Englishman) conformed in and after 1560.
*Stanley was an illegitimate son of a Lord Monteagle and became Bishop of Sodor & Man and Rector of Winwick, both of them within the patronage of the Stanleys, at a very young age. He was removed by Henry VIII in 1546 for reasons unknown, and then restored by Mary in 1556 after the death of his replacement. Whether he was tendered the oaths in 1559 (due to the confused legal position of his bishopric) is unknown; and in any event in his long episcopate he seems never to have set foot in his diocese. After 1559 he lived in Durham -- "merry as Pope Joan," as Bishop Pilkington of Durham once characterized him -- until his death in 1569, composing a rhyming chronicle on the history of the Stanley family.
The suffragan bishops alive in 1558/59 appear to have been:
John Hodgkin (Bedford), cons. 1537, d. 1560 (conformed in 1559)
Thomas Sparke (Berwick), cons. 1537, d. 1572 (conformed in 1559; Rector of Wolsingham, co. Durham)
Robert Sylvester alias Pursglove (Hull), cons. 1538, d. 1579 (refused and deprived, 1559, retired to his native Tideswell, co. Derbys, where his tomb with a brass of him in pontificalibus may be seen)
Thomas Morley (Marlborough), cons. 1537, ?d. 1561 (?conformed)
Lewis Thomas (Shrewsbury), cons. 1537, d. 1561 (?conformed)
William Finch (Taunton), cons. 1538, d. 1559
John Salisbury (Thetford), cons. 1536 (also Dean of Norwich), conformed 1559; to Sodor & Man 1570, d. 1573
The dates of the deaths of Thomas Manning (Ipswich; cons. 1536) and John Bradley (Shaftesbury; cons. 1539) are unknown.
cf. also Thomas Stanley (Sodor & Man) above
On Ireland, see "The Irish Parliament of 1560: the Anglican Reforms Authorized* by Henry A. Jefferies, *Irish Historical Studies*, xxvi:102 (Nov. 1988), pp. 128-141.
Just an FYI, no one in common parlance says that "so and so was translated to blah blah blah location." I knew what you meant because the verb "trasladarse" in Spanish means to transfer or move oneself from point "A" to point "B". Most people are not erudite enough to know that meaning in English; however, I know that you think in both Latin and in English--which is cool, by the way.
Anyway, I wish to you a very Happy Christmas, Father! Peace and warm friendship in Christ.
Tom
Regarding the Latin loanword word "translation": In Latin and English ecclesiastical parlance, even today, one refers to the "translation of the relics" of this or that Saint. In this case one cannot use another term, such as "transferal". On the other hand Dutch, a sister tongue of English, in such case uses a native word: "overbrenging", which literally means "bringing over", "overbringing".
To be translated in this senses is a technical term for the transferral of a bishop from ruling over one diocese to ruling over another. "Pell was translated from Melbourne to Sydney" means that Pell ceased to be Archbishop of Melbourne and became Archbishop of Sydney. Back before Trent, bishops could be granted a dispensation by the Pope to hold sees in plurality; I wonder when last that was permitted?
"At about daybreak on Sunday, May 10, Mrs. Jackson told her husband (Stonewall) that his recovery was very doubtful and that he should prepare for the worst. Jackson was silent for a moment, then said, ‘It will be infinite gain to be translated to Heaven.’ "
I’m not sure why there should be an issue with the term ‘translate’ when used to imply motion rather than mere interpretation.
Do we not remember in Latin: Fero, Ferre, Tuli, Latum…?
If we prepend ‘trans’, voila: Translatum and Anglice ‘translated’.
QED - nisi fallor.
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